/* * Copyright (c) 2005 Mark Fullmer * Copyright (c) 2009 Mark Fullmer and the Ohio State University * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * $Id: htsoft-downloader.c 75 2009-12-26 20:59:23Z maf $ */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #if HAVE_STRINGS_H #include #endif #if HAVE_STRING_H #include #endif #include #include #include "xerr.h" /* offsets in Intel hex file record (line) */ #define IHEX_OFF_MARK 0 #define IHEX_OFF_RECLEN 1 #define IHEX_OFF_LOAD_OFFSET_HIGH 3 #define IHEX_OFF_LOAD_OFFSET_LOW 5 #define IHEX_OFF_RECTYPE 7 #define IHEX_OFF_DATA 9 /* Intel hex file record types */ #define IHEX_REC_DATA 0x0 #define IHEX_REC_EOF 0x1 #define IHEX_REC_ESAR 0x2 #define IHEX_REC_SSAR 0x3 #define IHEX_REC_ELAR 0x4 #define IHEX_REC_SLAR 0x5 /* htsoft bootloader commands */ #define HTSOFT_V1BL_READ 0xE0 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_RACK 0xE1 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_WRITE 0xE3 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_WOK 0xE4 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_WBAD 0xE5 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_DATA_OK 0xE7 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_DATA_BAD 0xE8 #define HTSOFT_V1BL_IDENT 0xEA #define HTSOFT_V1BL_IDACK 0xEB #define HTSOFT_V1BL_DONE 0xED /* number of times to retry a command */ #define HTSOFT_RETRIES 5 /* default timeout when reading serial port in .1 second increments */ #define HTSOFT_TIMEOUT 25 void help(void); int htsoft_v1bl_idack(int fd, int verbose); int htsoft_v1bl_upload(int fd, uint16_t load_offset, uint8_t *buf, uint8_t buf_len, int verbose, int max_retries); int htsoft_v1bl_done(int fd, int verbose, int retries, int ignore_wok_timeout); int n22b(char *h, u_char *b); int n2b(char *h, u_char *b); int main(int argc, char **argv) { struct termios pic_term; char lbuf[1024]; char *c; uint8_t h_reclen, h_rectype, tmp_csum, h_load_high, h_load_low; uint8_t tmp_high, tmp_low, h_csum; uint8_t ld_buf[256], ld_buf_len; uint16_t h_load_offset, tmp_load_offset, buf_load_offset; int i, r, pic_fd, lineno, lbuf_len, got_eof, pic_tmout, verbose; int max_retries, ignore_last_wok_timeout; char *pic_dev; xerr_setid(argv[0]); lineno = 0; ld_buf_len = 0; got_eof = 0; pic_dev = "/dev/cuaU0"; pic_tmout = HTSOFT_TIMEOUT; verbose = 0; max_retries = HTSOFT_RETRIES; h_load_offset = 0; buf_load_offset = 0; ignore_last_wok_timeout = 0; while ((i = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h?ir:t:v:")) != -1) { switch (i) { case 'f': pic_dev = optarg; break; case 'h': case '?': help(); exit(0); break; /* notreached */ case 'i': ignore_last_wok_timeout = 1; break; case 'r': max_retries = atoi(optarg); break; case 't': pic_tmout = atoi(optarg); break; case 'v': verbose = atoi(optarg); break; default: help(); exit(1); break; /* notreached */ } /* switch */ } /* getopt */ /* open and setup serial communications port */ if ((pic_fd = open(pic_dev, O_RDWR)) < 0) xerr_err(1, "open(%s)", pic_dev); if (tcgetattr(pic_fd, &pic_term) < 0) xerr_err(1, "tcgetattr(%s)", pic_dev); cfmakeraw(&pic_term); cfsetspeed(&pic_term, B9600); pic_term.c_cc[VTIME] = pic_tmout; pic_term.c_cc[VMIN] = 0; /* pic_term.c_cflag = CS8|CREAD|CRTSCTS|HUPCL; */ if (tcsetattr(pic_fd, TCSANOW, &pic_term) < 0) xerr_err(1, "tcgetattr(%s)", pic_dev); /* search for bootloader */ htsoft_v1bl_idack(pic_fd, verbose); /* foreach line in HEX file */ while (!feof(stdin)) { ++ lineno; /* * Intel Hexadecimal Object File Format Specification * Rev A, January 6, 1988 * * record_mark reclen load_offset rectype info/data chksum CR NULL * 1-byte 1-byte 2-bytes 1-byte n-bytes 1-byte 1-byte 1 * * Each byte is presented in ASCII HEX format (2 bytes per byte) * * max size of record where reclen is 255 bytes: * 1 + (1 + 2 + 1 + 255 + 1)*2 + 1 + 1 = 523 * * * Record Types: * 00 Data Record * 01 End of File Record * 02 Extended Segment Address Record * 03 Start Segment Address Record * 04 Extended Linear Address Record * 05 Start Linear Address Record * * 02, 03, 04 are not applicable * 05 sets the upper 16 bits of the load address and is not applicable * if set to other than 0 for the PIC 16F877 * * 01 indicates the end of file and must be present * 00 indicates bytes to be loaded into the PIC at load_offset address. * */ fgets(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), stdin); /* EOF? */ if (feof(stdin)) break; if (got_eof) xerr_warnx("line %d: warning, data beyond EOF.", lineno); /* check: record begins with : */ if (lbuf[IHEX_OFF_MARK] != ':') xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, record must begin with :", lineno); /* check: record ends with CR or LF and valid HEX chars */ for (c = lbuf+1, lbuf_len = 1; *c && *c != '\r' && *c != '\n'; ++c, ++lbuf_len) { if (*c >= '0' && *c <= '9') continue; if (*c >= 'a' && *c <= 'f') continue; if (*c >= 'A' && *c <= 'F') continue; xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, non HEX character.", lineno); } if ((*c != '\r') && (*c != '\n')) xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, no CR or LF.", lineno); /* CR is no longer needed */ *c = 0; /* decode reclen field */ if (n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_RECLEN], &h_reclen) < 0) xerr_errx(1, "n22b(): fatal"); /* sanity check record length */ if (((h_reclen+1+2+1+1)*2+1) != lbuf_len) xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, length check failure (%d!=%d).", lineno, (h_reclen+1+2+1+1)*2+1, lbuf_len); /* compute csum */ for (tmp_csum = 0, i = 1; i < (h_reclen+1+2+1)*2; i += 2) { n22b(&lbuf[i], &tmp_low); tmp_csum += tmp_low; } /* stored csum */ n22b(&lbuf[i], &h_csum); /* verify csum */ if (((256 - tmp_csum)&0xFF) != h_csum) xerr_warnx("line %d: warning, checksum=%2.2x fail expecting %2.2x.", lineno, h_csum, (256-tmp_csum)&0xFF); /* grab record type */ n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_RECTYPE], &h_rectype); switch (h_rectype) { case IHEX_REC_EOF : got_eof = 1; break; case IHEX_REC_ESAR: xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, ESAR record not supported.", lineno); break; case IHEX_REC_SSAR: xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, SSAR record not supported.", lineno); break; case IHEX_REC_SLAR: xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, SLAR record not supported.", lineno); break; case IHEX_REC_ELAR: n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_DATA], &tmp_high); n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_DATA+2], &tmp_low); if (tmp_high || tmp_low) xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, non 0 ELAR record not supported.", lineno); break; case IHEX_REC_DATA: /* decode 16 bit load address */ n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_LOAD_OFFSET_HIGH], &h_load_high); n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_LOAD_OFFSET_LOW], &h_load_low); /* expected load address if linear */ tmp_load_offset = buf_load_offset + ld_buf_len; /* new load address */ h_load_offset = (uint16_t)h_load_high<<8 | h_load_low; /* * if the new load address is not linear (ie memory hole) * then force a upload bytes in buffer -- this will only * occurr when less than 32 bytes remain to be uploaded. */ if (tmp_load_offset != h_load_offset) { if (verbose >= 2) printf( "buf_load_offset=%d tmp_load_offset=%d h_load_offset=%d line=%d\n", buf_load_offset, tmp_load_offset, h_load_offset, lineno); /* if bytes to send */ if (ld_buf_len) { if ((r = htsoft_v1bl_upload(pic_fd, buf_load_offset, ld_buf, ld_buf_len, verbose, max_retries)) < 0) xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal htsoft_v1bl_upload() failed."); ld_buf_len -= r; } /* sanity */ if (ld_buf_len) xerr_errx(1, "fatal: ld_buf_len=%d != 0", ld_buf_len); /* load offset of next bytes is cur + num bytes written */ buf_load_offset = h_load_offset; } /* store next record */ for (i = 0; i < h_reclen; ++i) { n22b(&lbuf[IHEX_OFF_DATA+(i<<1)], &tmp_low); ld_buf[ld_buf_len++] = tmp_low; } break; default: xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal, unknown record type 0x%2.2X.", lineno, (int)h_rectype); break; } /* switch */ /* 32 bytes (optimal) or EOF + some bytes to initiate upload to PIC */ while (1) { /* * if there are at least 32 bytes then upload to PIC * if EOF then force upload */ if ((got_eof && ld_buf_len) || (ld_buf_len >= 32)) { if ((r = htsoft_v1bl_upload(pic_fd, buf_load_offset, ld_buf, ld_buf_len, verbose, max_retries)) < 0) xerr_errx(1, "line %d: fatal htsoft_v1bl_upload() failed.", lineno); /* move trailing bytes to start of buffer */ bcopy(&ld_buf[r], ld_buf, ld_buf_len - r); ld_buf_len -= r; /* load offset of next bytes is cur + num bytes written */ buf_load_offset += r; } else { break; } } /* while */ } /* !feof(stdin) */ if (!got_eof) xerr_warnx("Warning: Short file, no EOF."); if (htsoft_v1bl_done(pic_fd, verbose, max_retries, ignore_last_wok_timeout) < 0) xerr_errx(1, "htsoft_v1bl_done(): failed"); close(pic_fd); exit(0); } /* main */ /* * function: n2b() * * convert ASCII hex nybble to binary byte * * *h input ASCII * *b output binary * * returns 0 success * <0 failure * */ int n2b(char *h, u_char *b) { *b = 0; if (*h >= '0' && *h <= '9') *b = *h - '0'; else if (*h >= 'a' && *h <= 'f') *b = *h - 'a' + 10; else if (*h >= 'A' && *h <= 'F') *b = *h - 'A' + 10; else return -1; /* fail */ return 0; /* success */ } /* n2b */ /* * function: n2b() * * convert 2 ASCII hex nybbles to binary byte * * *h input ASCII * *b output binary * * returns 0 success * <0 failure * */ int n22b(char *h, u_char *b) { u_char b1, b2; if (n2b(h, &b1) < 0) return -1; /* fail */ ++h; if (n2b(h, &b2) < 0) return -1; /* fail */ *b = (b1<<4)|b2; return 0; /* success */ } /* n22b */ /* * function: htsoft_v1bl_idack * * search for htsoft v1 PIC bootloader on fd. * IDENT is sent until IDACK is returned. Other bytes are ignored. * * function will not return until IDACK is received. * * fd - serial com port * verbose - verbosity level * * returns 0 success * <0 failure * */ int htsoft_v1bl_idack(int fd, int verbose) { uint8_t t,r; int n; if (verbose) { printf("Waiting for bootloader.."); fflush(stdout); } t = HTSOFT_V1BL_IDENT; for (;;) { if (verbose) { printf("."); fflush(stdout); } if (write(fd, &t, 1) < 0) xerr_err(1, "write()"); if ((n = read(fd, &r, 1)) < 0) xerr_err(1, "read()"); /* timeout? */ if (n == 0) continue; if ((n == 1) && (r == HTSOFT_V1BL_IDACK)) break; /* unknown */ if (verbose >= 2) { printf("%2.2X", (int)r); fflush(stdout); } else if (verbose >= 1) { printf("T"); fflush(stdout); } } /* forever */ if (verbose) { printf("\n"); fflush(stdout); } return 0; } /* htsoft_v1bl_idack */ /* * function: htsoft_v1bl_upload * * upload buf_len bytes from buf on fd at load offset load_offset. * Retry block max_retries times. Indicate progress/debugging with * verbose level. htsoft_v1bl_idack() must be called before this * function and htsoft_v1bl_done() must be called after the last block * * The PIC downloader firmware has a maximum receive buffer size of * 32 bytes, if more than 32 bytes are available only the first 32 are * sent. The caller is responsible for send buffer management when * more than 32 bytes or an odd number of bytes are requested. * When an odd number of bytes is available to send, the last byte * is not sent as it can not be swapped. * * fd - serial com port * load_offset - program address for bufer * note load offset is sent >> 1 as the PIC uses two bytes * per word. * buf - send buffer. Note the PIC expects the two bytes in each * word swapped from the hex file order. * buf_len - number of bytes to send. * * verbose - verbosity level * * max_retries - maximum number of times to resend a block * * returns <0 failure * >0 bytes sent successfully * */ int htsoft_v1bl_upload(int fd, uint16_t load_offset, uint8_t *buf, uint8_t buf_len, int verbose, int max_retries) { uint8_t bytes_to_send, setup_buf[5], send_buf[32], r1, r2, csum; int n, i, retries, good_write; bytes_to_send = (buf_len >= 32) ? 32 : buf_len; /* * each PIC word is two bytes * The hex file is byte oriented a word could potentially span * two hex records... * */ if (bytes_to_send & 0x1) { xerr_errx(1, "bytes_to_send is odd..."); bytes_to_send &= 0xFE; } /* compute checksum */ for (i = 0, csum = 0; i < bytes_to_send; ++i) csum += buf[i]; if (verbose >= 2) { printf("\nupload block: load_offset=0x%4.4X bytes_to_send=%d\n", load_offset, (int)bytes_to_send); } /* each word on a PIC is two bytes in the hex file */ load_offset = load_offset >>1; setup_buf[0] = HTSOFT_V1BL_WRITE; setup_buf[1] = (load_offset & 0xFF00) >> 8; setup_buf[2] = (load_offset & 0x00FF); setup_buf[3] = bytes_to_send; setup_buf[4] = csum; /* reverse byte order */ for (i = 0; i < bytes_to_send; i += 2) { send_buf[i] = buf[i+1]; send_buf[i+1] = buf[i]; } good_write = 0; for (retries = 0; retries < max_retries; ++ retries) { if (verbose) { printf("D"); fflush(stdout); } /* setup data block */ if (write(fd, setup_buf, 5) < 0) xerr_err(1, "write()"); if (verbose >= 2) printf("write: cmd=%2.2X load=%2.2X%2.2X bytes=%2.2X csum=%2.2X\n", (int)setup_buf[0], (int)setup_buf[1], (int)setup_buf[2], (int)setup_buf[3], (int)setup_buf[4]); /* data block */ if (write(fd, send_buf, bytes_to_send) < 0) xerr_err(1, "write()"); if (verbose >= 2) { printf("write: data="); for (i = 0; i < bytes_to_send; ++i) printf("%2.2X", send_buf[i]); printf("\n"); } /* get reply */ if ((n = read(fd, &r1, 1)) < 0) xerr_err(1, "read()"); /* timeout? */ if (n == 0) xerr_errx(1, "Timeout waiting on DATA_{BAD,OK}."); /* bad data, retry? */ if (r1 == HTSOFT_V1BL_DATA_BAD) { if (verbose) { printf("x"); fflush(stdout); } continue; } /* unknown reply? */ if (r1 != HTSOFT_V1BL_DATA_OK) xerr_errx(1, "Unexpected reply 0x%2.2X, not DATA_{BAD,OK}.", (int)r1); /* get reply */ if ((n = read(fd, &r2, 1)) < 0) xerr_err(1, "read()"); /* timeout? */ if (n == 0) xerr_errx(1, "Timeout waiting on {WOK,WBAD}."); /* write bad, retry? */ if (r2 == HTSOFT_V1BL_WBAD) { if (verbose) { printf("X"); fflush(stdout); } continue; } /* data accepted? */ if (r2 == HTSOFT_V1BL_WOK) { good_write = 1; break; } xerr_errx(1, "Unexpected reply 0x%2.2X, not {WOK,WBAD}", (int)r2); } /* DATA header */ if (!good_write) xerr_errx(1, "Retries exceeded in data block write."); return bytes_to_send; } /* htsoft_v1bl_upload */ /* * function: htsoft_v1bl_done * * send the "done" command on fd and wait for WOK (success). * * function will not return until WOK is received. * * fd - serial com port * verbose - verbosity level * retries - number of retries * ignore_wok_timeout - ignore last WOK -- some devices do not send this * * returns 0 success * <0 failure * */ int htsoft_v1bl_done(int fd, int verbose, int retries, int ignore_wok_timeout) { uint8_t t,r; int n, good_write, i, timeout; t = HTSOFT_V1BL_DONE; good_write = 0; timeout = 0; for (i = 0; i < retries; ++i) { if (verbose) { printf("w"); fflush(stdout); } if (write(fd, &t, 1) < 0) xerr_err(1, "write()"); if ((n = read(fd, &r, 1)) < 0) xerr_err(1, "read()"); /* some devices may not send this */ if (ignore_wok_timeout && n == 0) { timeout = 1; good_write = 1; break; } /* timeout? */ if (n == 0) continue; if ((n == 1) && (r == HTSOFT_V1BL_WOK)) { good_write = 1; break; } /* unknown */ if (verbose >= 2) { printf("DONE: reply=%2.2X, expecting %2.2X", (int)r, (int)HTSOFT_V1BL_WOK); fflush(stdout); } else if (verbose >= 1) { printf("T"); fflush(stdout); } } /* forever */ if (verbose && good_write) { printf("F\n"); fflush(stdout); } if (verbose && !good_write) printf("PIC reset failed.\n"); else if (verbose && good_write && ignore_wok_timeout && timeout) printf("PIC reset sent, ignored last WOK timeout.\n"); else printf("PIC reset complete.\n"); if (good_write) return 0; /* success */ else return -1; /* fail */ } /* htsoft_v1bl_done */ void help(void) { fprintf(stderr, "htsoft-downloader [-hi?v] [-f serial_device] [-r retries]\n"); fprintf(stderr, " [-t timeout (.1 second/timeout)] [-v verbose_level]\n"); } /* help */