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perf_counter: add sample user-space to Documentation/perf_counter/

Browse source 
Initial version of kerneltop.c and perfstat.c.

Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This commit is contained in:
Ingo Molnar 2009-03-23 21:29:59 +01:00
parent 6f9f791eb5
commit e0143bad9d
3 changed files with 1489 additions and 0 deletions
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12
Documentation/perf_counter/Makefile Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
BINS = kerneltop perfstat
all: $(BINS)
kerneltop: kerneltop.c perfcounters.h
cc -O6 -Wall -lrt `pkg-config --cflags --libs glib-2.0` -o $@ $<
perfstat: kerneltop
ln -sf kerneltop perfstat
clean:
rm $(BINS)

956
Documentation/perf_counter/kerneltop.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,956 @@
/*
* kerneltop.c: show top kernel functions - performance counters showcase
Build with:
cc -O6 -Wall `pkg-config --cflags --libs glib-2.0` -o kerneltop kerneltop.c
Sample output:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KernelTop: 2669 irqs/sec [NMI, cache-misses/cache-refs], (all, cpu: 2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
weight RIP kernel function
______ ________________ _______________
35.20 - ffffffff804ce74b : skb_copy_and_csum_dev
33.00 - ffffffff804cb740 : sock_alloc_send_skb
31.26 - ffffffff804ce808 : skb_push
22.43 - ffffffff80510004 : tcp_established_options
19.00 - ffffffff8027d250 : find_get_page
15.76 - ffffffff804e4fc9 : eth_type_trans
15.20 - ffffffff804d8baa : dst_release
14.86 - ffffffff804cf5d8 : skb_release_head_state
14.00 - ffffffff802217d5 : read_hpet
12.00 - ffffffff804ffb7f : __ip_local_out
11.97 - ffffffff804fc0c8 : ip_local_deliver_finish
8.54 - ffffffff805001a3 : ip_queue_xmit
Started by Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Improvements and fixes by:
Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <glib.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
#ifdef __x86_64__
# define __NR_perf_counter_open 295
#endif
#ifdef __i386__
# define __NR_perf_counter_open 333
#endif
/*
* Pick up some kernel type conventions:
*/
#define __user
#define asmlinkage
typedef unsigned int __u32;
typedef unsigned long long __u64;
typedef long long __s64;
/*
* User-space ABI bits:
*/
/*
* Generalized performance counter event types, used by the hw_event.type
* parameter of the sys_perf_counter_open() syscall:
*/
enum hw_event_types {
/*
* Common hardware events, generalized by the kernel:
*/
PERF_COUNT_CPU_CYCLES = 0,
PERF_COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS = 1,
PERF_COUNT_CACHE_REFERENCES = 2,
PERF_COUNT_CACHE_MISSES = 3,
PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS = 4,
PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_MISSES = 5,
PERF_COUNT_BUS_CYCLES = 6,
PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX = 7,
/*
* Special "software" counters provided by the kernel, even if
* the hardware does not support performance counters. These
* counters measure various physical and sw events of the
* kernel (and allow the profiling of them as well):
*/
PERF_COUNT_CPU_CLOCK = -1,
PERF_COUNT_TASK_CLOCK = -2,
PERF_COUNT_PAGE_FAULTS = -3,
PERF_COUNT_CONTEXT_SWITCHES = -4,
PERF_COUNT_CPU_MIGRATIONS = -5,
PERF_SW_EVENTS_MIN = -6,
};
/*
* IRQ-notification data record type:
*/
enum perf_counter_record_type {
PERF_RECORD_SIMPLE = 0,
PERF_RECORD_IRQ = 1,
PERF_RECORD_GROUP = 2,
};
/*
* Hardware event to monitor via a performance monitoring counter:
*/
struct perf_counter_hw_event {
__s64 type;
__u64 irq_period;
__u64 record_type;
__u64 read_format;
__u64 disabled : 1, /* off by default */
nmi : 1, /* NMI sampling */
raw : 1, /* raw event type */
inherit : 1, /* children inherit it */
pinned : 1, /* must always be on PMU */
exclusive : 1, /* only group on PMU */
exclude_user : 1, /* don't count user */
exclude_kernel : 1, /* ditto kernel */
exclude_hv : 1, /* ditto hypervisor */
exclude_idle : 1, /* don't count when idle */
__reserved_1 : 54;
__u32 extra_config_len;
__u32 __reserved_4;
__u64 __reserved_2;
__u64 __reserved_3;
};
/*
* Ioctls that can be done on a perf counter fd:
*/
#define PERF_COUNTER_IOC_ENABLE _IO('$', 0)
#define PERF_COUNTER_IOC_DISABLE _IO('$', 1)
asmlinkage int sys_perf_counter_open(
struct perf_counter_hw_event *hw_event_uptr __user,
pid_t pid,
int cpu,
int group_fd,
unsigned long flags)
{
int ret;
ret = syscall(
__NR_perf_counter_open, hw_event_uptr, pid, cpu, group_fd, flags);
#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)
if (ret < 0 && ret > -4096) {
errno = -ret;
ret = -1;
}
#endif
return ret;
}
const char *event_types [] = {
"CPU cycles",
"instructions",
"cache-refs",
"cache-misses",
"branches",
"branch-misses",
"bus cycles"
};
const unsigned int default_count[] = {
1000000,
1000000,
10000,
10000,
1000000,
10000,
};
/*
* prctl(PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_DISABLE) will (cheaply) disable all
* counters in the current task.
*/
#define PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_DISABLE 31
#define PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_ENABLE 32
#define MAX_COUNTERS 8
static int nr_counters = -1;
static __u64 count_filter = 100;
#define MAX_NR_CPUS 256
static int event_count[MAX_COUNTERS];
static unsigned long event_id[MAX_COUNTERS];
static int event_raw[MAX_COUNTERS];
static int tid = -1;
static int profile_cpu = -1;
static int nr_cpus = 0;
static int nmi = 1;
static int group = 0;
static char *vmlinux;
static char *sym_filter;
static unsigned long filter_start;
static unsigned long filter_end;
static int delay_secs = 2;
static int zero;
static int dump_symtab;
struct source_line {
uint64_t EIP;
unsigned long count;
char *line;
};
static GList *lines;
static void display_help(void)
{
printf(
"Usage: kerneltop [<options>]\n\n"
"KernelTop Options (up to %d event types can be specified at once):\n\n",
MAX_COUNTERS);
printf(
" -e EID --event_id=EID # event type ID [default: 0]\n"
" 0: CPU cycles\n"
" 1: instructions\n"
" 2: cache accesses\n"
" 3: cache misses\n"
" 4: branch instructions\n"
" 5: branch prediction misses\n"
" 6: bus cycles\n\n"
" rNNN: raw PMU events (eventsel+umask)\n\n"
" -c CNT --count=CNT # event period to sample\n\n"
" -C CPU --cpu=CPU # CPU (-1 for all) [default: -1]\n"
" -p PID --pid=PID # PID of sampled task (-1 for all) [default: -1]\n\n"
" -d delay --delay=<seconds> # sampling/display delay [default: 2]\n"
" -f CNT --filter=CNT # min-event-count filter [default: 100]\n\n"
" -s symbol --symbol=<symbol> # function to be showed annotated one-shot\n"
" -x path --vmlinux=<path> # the vmlinux binary, required for -s use:\n"
" -z --zero # zero counts after display\n"
" -D --dump_symtab # dump symbol table to stderr on startup\n"
"\n");
exit(0);
}
static void process_options(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int error = 0, counter;
for (;;) {
int option_index = 0;
/** Options for getopt */
static struct option long_options[] = {
{"count", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
{"cpu", required_argument, NULL, 'C'},
{"delay", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
{"dump_symtab", no_argument, NULL, 'D'},
{"event_id", required_argument, NULL, 'e'},
{"filter", required_argument, NULL, 'f'},
{"group", required_argument, NULL, 'g'},
{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
{"nmi", required_argument, NULL, 'n'},
{"pid", required_argument, NULL, 'p'},
{"vmlinux", required_argument, NULL, 'x'},
{"symbol", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
{"zero", no_argument, NULL, 'z'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};
int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "c:C:d:De:f:g:hn:p:s:x:z",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1)
break;
switch (c) {
case 'c':
if (nr_counters == -1)
nr_counters = 0;
event_count[nr_counters] = atoi(optarg); break;
case 'C':
/* CPU and PID are mutually exclusive */
if (tid != -1) {
printf("WARNING: CPU switch overriding PID\n");
sleep(1);
tid = -1;
}
profile_cpu = atoi(optarg); break;
case 'd': delay_secs = atoi(optarg); break;
case 'D': dump_symtab = 1; break;
case 'e':
nr_counters++;
if (nr_counters == MAX_COUNTERS) {
error = 1;
break;
}
if (*optarg == 'r') {
event_raw[nr_counters] = 1;
++optarg;
}
event_id[nr_counters] = strtol(optarg, NULL, 16);
break;
case 'f': count_filter = atoi(optarg); break;
case 'g': group = atoi(optarg); break;
case 'h': display_help(); break;
case 'n': nmi = atoi(optarg); break;
case 'p':
/* CPU and PID are mutually exclusive */
if (profile_cpu != -1) {
printf("WARNING: PID switch overriding CPU\n");
sleep(1);
profile_cpu = -1;
}
tid = atoi(optarg); break;
case 's': sym_filter = strdup(optarg); break;
case 'x': vmlinux = strdup(optarg); break;
case 'z': zero = 1; break;
default: error = 1; break;
}
}
if (error)
display_help();
nr_counters++;
if (nr_counters < 1)
nr_counters = 1;
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++) {
if (event_count[counter])
continue;
if (event_id[counter] < PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX)
event_count[counter] = default_count[event_id[counter]];
else
event_count[counter] = 100000;
}
}
static uint64_t min_ip;
static uint64_t max_ip = -1ll;
struct sym_entry {
unsigned long long addr;
char *sym;
unsigned long count[MAX_COUNTERS];
int skip;
GList *source;
};
#define MAX_SYMS 100000
static int sym_table_count;
struct sym_entry *sym_filter_entry;
static struct sym_entry sym_table[MAX_SYMS];
static void show_details(struct sym_entry *sym);
/*
* Ordering weight: count-1 * count-1 * ... / count-n
*/
static double sym_weight(const struct sym_entry *sym)
{
double weight;
int counter;
weight = sym->count[0];
for (counter = 1; counter < nr_counters-1; counter++)
weight *= sym->count[counter];
weight /= (sym->count[counter] + 1);
return weight;
}
static int compare(const void *__sym1, const void *__sym2)
{
const struct sym_entry *sym1 = __sym1, *sym2 = __sym2;
return sym_weight(sym1) < sym_weight(sym2);
}
static time_t last_refresh;
static long events;
static long userspace_events;
static const char CONSOLE_CLEAR[] = "";
static struct sym_entry tmp[MAX_SYMS];
static void print_sym_table(void)
{
int i, printed;
int counter;
float events_per_sec = events/delay_secs;
float kevents_per_sec = (events-userspace_events)/delay_secs;
memcpy(tmp, sym_table, sizeof(sym_table[0])*sym_table_count);
qsort(tmp, sym_table_count, sizeof(tmp[0]), compare);
write(1, CONSOLE_CLEAR, strlen(CONSOLE_CLEAR));
printf(
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf( " KernelTop:%8.0f irqs/sec kernel:%3.1f%% [%s, ",
events_per_sec,
100.0 - (100.0*((events_per_sec-kevents_per_sec)/events_per_sec)),
nmi ? "NMI" : "IRQ");
if (nr_counters == 1)
printf("%d ", event_count[0]);
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++) {
if (counter)
printf("/");
if (event_id[counter] < PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX)
printf( "%s", event_types[event_id[counter]]);
else
printf( "raw:%04lx", event_id[counter]);
}
printf( "], ");
if (tid != -1)
printf(" (tid: %d", tid);
else
printf(" (all");
if (profile_cpu != -1)
printf(", cpu: %d)\n", profile_cpu);
else {
if (tid != -1)
printf(")\n");
else
printf(", %d CPUs)\n", nr_cpus);
}
printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
if (nr_counters == 1)
printf(" events");
else
printf(" weight events");
printf(" RIP kernel function\n"
" ______ ______ ________________ _______________\n\n"
);
printed = 0;
for (i = 0; i < sym_table_count; i++) {
int count;
if (nr_counters == 1) {
if (printed <= 18 &&
tmp[i].count[0] >= count_filter) {
printf("%19.2f - %016llx : %s\n",
sym_weight(tmp + i), tmp[i].addr, tmp[i].sym);
printed++;
}
} else {
if (printed <= 18 &&
tmp[i].count[0] >= count_filter) {
printf("%8.1f %10ld - %016llx : %s\n",
sym_weight(tmp + i),
tmp[i].count[0],
tmp[i].addr, tmp[i].sym);
printed++;
}
}
/*
* Add decay to the counts:
*/
for (count = 0; count < nr_counters; count++)
sym_table[i].count[count] = zero ? 0 : sym_table[i].count[count] * 7 / 8;
}
if (sym_filter_entry)
show_details(sym_filter_entry);
last_refresh = time(NULL);
{
struct pollfd stdin_poll = { .fd = 0, .events = POLLIN };
if (poll(&stdin_poll, 1, 0) == 1) {
printf("key pressed - exiting.\n");
exit(0);
}
}
}
static int read_symbol(FILE *in, struct sym_entry *s)
{
static int filter_match = 0;
char *sym, stype;
char str[500];
int rc, pos;
rc = fscanf(in, "%llx %c %499s", &s->addr, &stype, str);
if (rc == EOF)
return -1;
assert(rc == 3);
/* skip until end of line: */
pos = strlen(str);
do {
rc = fgetc(in);
if (rc == '\n' || rc == EOF || pos >= 499)
break;
str[pos] = rc;
pos++;
} while (1);
str[pos] = 0;
sym = str;
/* Filter out known duplicates and non-text symbols. */
if (!strcmp(sym, "_text"))
return 1;
if (!min_ip && !strcmp(sym, "_stext"))
return 1;
if (!strcmp(sym, "_etext") || !strcmp(sym, "_sinittext"))
return 1;
if (stype != 'T' && stype != 't')
return 1;
if (!strncmp("init_module", sym, 11) || !strncmp("cleanup_module", sym, 14))
return 1;
if (strstr(sym, "_text_start") || strstr(sym, "_text_end"))
return 1;
s->sym = malloc(strlen(str));
assert(s->sym);
strcpy((char *)s->sym, str);
s->skip = 0;
/* Tag events to be skipped. */
if (!strcmp("default_idle", s->sym) || !strcmp("cpu_idle", s->sym))
s->skip = 1;
if (!strcmp("enter_idle", s->sym) || !strcmp("exit_idle", s->sym))
s->skip = 1;
if (filter_match == 1) {
filter_end = s->addr;
filter_match = -1;
if (filter_end - filter_start > 10000) {
printf("hm, too large filter symbol <%s> - skipping.\n",
sym_filter);
printf("symbol filter start: %016lx\n", filter_start);
printf(" end: %016lx\n", filter_end);
filter_end = filter_start = 0;
sym_filter = NULL;
sleep(1);
}
}
if (filter_match == 0 && sym_filter && !strcmp(s->sym, sym_filter)) {
filter_match = 1;
filter_start = s->addr;
}
return 0;
}
int compare_addr(const void *__sym1, const void *__sym2)
{
const struct sym_entry *sym1 = __sym1, *sym2 = __sym2;
return sym1->addr > sym2->addr;
}
static void sort_symbol_table(void)
{
int i, dups;
do {
qsort(sym_table, sym_table_count, sizeof(sym_table[0]), compare_addr);
for (i = 0, dups = 0; i < sym_table_count; i++) {
if (sym_table[i].addr == sym_table[i+1].addr) {
sym_table[i+1].addr = -1ll;
dups++;
}
}
sym_table_count -= dups;
} while(dups);
}
static void parse_symbols(void)
{
struct sym_entry *last;
FILE *kallsyms = fopen("/proc/kallsyms", "r");
if (!kallsyms) {
printf("Could not open /proc/kallsyms - no CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL=y?\n");
exit(-1);
}
while (!feof(kallsyms)) {
if (read_symbol(kallsyms, &sym_table[sym_table_count]) == 0) {
sym_table_count++;
assert(sym_table_count <= MAX_SYMS);
}
}
sort_symbol_table();
min_ip = sym_table[0].addr;
max_ip = sym_table[sym_table_count-1].addr;
last = sym_table + sym_table_count++;
last->addr = -1ll;
last->sym = "<end>";
if (filter_end) {
int count;
for (count=0; count < sym_table_count; count ++) {
if (!strcmp(sym_table[count].sym, sym_filter)) {
sym_filter_entry = &sym_table[count];
break;
}
}
}
if (dump_symtab) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sym_table_count; i++)
fprintf(stderr, "%llx %s\n",
sym_table[i].addr, sym_table[i].sym);
}
}
static void parse_vmlinux(char *filename)
{
FILE *file;
char command[PATH_MAX*2];
if (!filename)
return;
sprintf(command, "objdump --start-address=0x%016lx --stop-address=0x%016lx -dS %s", filter_start, filter_end, filename);
file = popen(command, "r");
if (!file)
return;
while (!feof(file)) {
struct source_line *src;
size_t dummy = 0;
char *c;
src = malloc(sizeof(struct source_line));
assert(src != NULL);
memset(src, 0, sizeof(struct source_line));
if (getline(&src->line, &dummy, file) < 0)
break;
if (!src->line)
break;
c = strchr(src->line, '\n');
if (c)
*c = 0;
lines = g_list_prepend(lines, src);
if (strlen(src->line)>8 && src->line[8] == ':')
src->EIP = strtoull(src->line, NULL, 16);
if (strlen(src->line)>8 && src->line[16] == ':')
src->EIP = strtoull(src->line, NULL, 16);
}
pclose(file);
lines = g_list_reverse(lines);
}
static void record_precise_ip(uint64_t ip)
{
struct source_line *line;
GList *item;
item = g_list_first(lines);
while (item) {
line = item->data;
if (line->EIP == ip)
line->count++;
if (line->EIP > ip)
break;
item = g_list_next(item);
}
}
static void lookup_sym_in_vmlinux(struct sym_entry *sym)
{
struct source_line *line;
GList *item;
char pattern[PATH_MAX];
sprintf(pattern, "<%s>:", sym->sym);
item = g_list_first(lines);
while (item) {
line = item->data;
if (strstr(line->line, pattern)) {
sym->source = item;
break;
}
item = g_list_next(item);
}
}
void show_lines(GList *item_queue, int item_queue_count)
{
int i;
struct source_line *line;
for (i = 0; i < item_queue_count; i++) {
line = item_queue->data;
printf("%8li\t%s\n", line->count, line->line);
item_queue = g_list_next(item_queue);
}
}
#define TRACE_COUNT 3
static void show_details(struct sym_entry *sym)
{
struct source_line *line;
GList *item;
int displayed = 0;
GList *item_queue = NULL;
int item_queue_count = 0;
if (!sym->source)
lookup_sym_in_vmlinux(sym);
if (!sym->source)
return;
printf("Showing details for %s\n", sym->sym);
item = sym->source;
while (item) {
line = item->data;
if (displayed && strstr(line->line, ">:"))
break;
if (!item_queue_count)
item_queue = item;
item_queue_count ++;
if (line->count >= count_filter) {
show_lines(item_queue, item_queue_count);
item_queue_count = 0;
item_queue = NULL;
} else if (item_queue_count > TRACE_COUNT) {
item_queue = g_list_next(item_queue);
item_queue_count --;
}
line->count = 0;
displayed++;
if (displayed > 300)
break;
item = g_list_next(item);
}
}
/*
* Binary search in the histogram table and record the hit:
*/
static void record_ip(uint64_t ip, int counter)
{
int left_idx, middle_idx, right_idx, idx;
unsigned long left, middle, right;
record_precise_ip(ip);
left_idx = 0;
right_idx = sym_table_count-1;
assert(ip <= max_ip && ip >= min_ip);
while (left_idx + 1 < right_idx) {
middle_idx = (left_idx + right_idx) / 2;
left = sym_table[ left_idx].addr;
middle = sym_table[middle_idx].addr;
right = sym_table[ right_idx].addr;
if (!(left <= middle && middle <= right)) {
printf("%016lx...\n%016lx...\n%016lx\n", left, middle, right);
printf("%d %d %d\n", left_idx, middle_idx, right_idx);
}
assert(left <= middle && middle <= right);
if (!(left <= ip && ip <= right)) {
printf(" left: %016lx\n", left);
printf(" ip: %016lx\n", ip);
printf("right: %016lx\n", right);
}
assert(left <= ip && ip <= right);
/*
* [ left .... target .... middle .... right ]
* => right := middle
*/
if (ip < middle) {
right_idx = middle_idx;
continue;
}
/*
* [ left .... middle ... target ... right ]
* => left := middle
*/
left_idx = middle_idx;
}
idx = left_idx;
if (!sym_table[idx].skip)
sym_table[idx].count[counter]++;
else events--;
}
static void process_event(uint64_t ip, int counter)
{
events++;
if (ip < min_ip || ip > max_ip) {
userspace_events++;
return;
}
record_ip(ip, counter);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct pollfd event_array[MAX_NR_CPUS][MAX_COUNTERS];
struct perf_counter_hw_event hw_event;
int fd[MAX_NR_CPUS][MAX_COUNTERS];
int i, counter, group_fd;
unsigned int cpu;
uint64_t ip;
ssize_t res;
int ret;
process_options(argc, argv);
nr_cpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
if (tid != -1 || profile_cpu != -1)
nr_cpus = 1;
assert(nr_cpus <= MAX_NR_CPUS);
for (i = 0; i < nr_cpus; i++) {
group_fd = -1;
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++) {
cpu = profile_cpu;
if (tid == -1 && profile_cpu == -1)
cpu = i;
memset(&hw_event, 0, sizeof(hw_event));
hw_event.type = event_id[counter];
hw_event.raw = event_raw[counter];
hw_event.irq_period = event_count[counter];
hw_event.record_type = PERF_RECORD_IRQ;
hw_event.nmi = nmi;
fd[i][counter] = sys_perf_counter_open(&hw_event, tid, cpu, group_fd, 0);
fcntl(fd[i][counter], F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
if (fd[i][counter] < 0) {
printf("kerneltop error: syscall returned with %d (%s)\n",
fd[i][counter], strerror(-fd[i][counter]));
if (fd[i][counter] == -1)
printf("Are you root?\n");
exit(-1);
}
assert(fd[i][counter] >= 0);
/*
* First counter acts as the group leader:
*/
if (group && group_fd == -1)
group_fd = fd[i][counter];
event_array[i][counter].fd = fd[i][counter];
event_array[i][counter].events = POLLIN;
}
}
parse_symbols();
if (vmlinux && sym_filter_entry)
parse_vmlinux(vmlinux);
printf("KernelTop refresh period: %d seconds\n", delay_secs);
last_refresh = time(NULL);
while (1) {
int hits = events;
for (i = 0; i < nr_cpus; i++) {
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++) {
res = read(fd[i][counter], (char *) &ip, sizeof(ip));
if (res > 0) {
assert(res == sizeof(ip));
process_event(ip, counter);
}
}
}
if (time(NULL) >= last_refresh + delay_secs) {
print_sym_table();
events = userspace_events = 0;
}
if (hits == events)
ret = poll(event_array[0], nr_cpus, 1000);
hits = events;
}
return 0;
}

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/*
* perfstat: /usr/bin/time -alike performance counter statistics utility
*
* It summarizes the counter events of all tasks (and child tasks),
* covering all CPUs that the command (or workload) executes on.
* It only counts the per-task events of the workload started,
* independent of how many other tasks run on those CPUs.
*
* Build with: cc -O2 -g -lrt -Wall -W -o perfstat perfstat.c
*
* Sample output:
*
$ ./perfstat -e 1 -e 3 -e 5 ls -lR /usr/include/ >/dev/null
Performance counter stats for 'ls':
163516953 instructions
2295 cache-misses
2855182 branch-misses
*
* Copyright (C) 2008, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
*
* Released under the GPLv2 (not later).
*
* Percpu counter support by: Yanmin Zhang <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
* Symbolic event options by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <assert.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
#ifdef __x86_64__
# define __NR_perf_counter_open 295
#endif
#ifdef __i386__
# define __NR_perf_counter_open 333
#endif
#ifdef __powerpc__
#define __NR_perf_counter_open 319
#endif
/*
* Pick up some kernel type conventions:
*/
#define __user
#define asmlinkage
typedef unsigned int __u32;
typedef unsigned long long __u64;
typedef long long __s64;
#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
/*
* User-space ABI bits:
*/
/*
* Generalized performance counter event types, used by the hw_event.type
* parameter of the sys_perf_counter_open() syscall:
*/
enum hw_event_types {
/*
* Common hardware events, generalized by the kernel:
*/
PERF_COUNT_CPU_CYCLES = 0,
PERF_COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS = 1,
PERF_COUNT_CACHE_REFERENCES = 2,
PERF_COUNT_CACHE_MISSES = 3,
PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS = 4,
PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_MISSES = 5,
PERF_COUNT_BUS_CYCLES = 6,
PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX = 7,
/*
* Special "software" counters provided by the kernel, even if
* the hardware does not support performance counters. These
* counters measure various physical and sw events of the
* kernel (and allow the profiling of them as well):
*/
PERF_COUNT_CPU_CLOCK = -1,
PERF_COUNT_TASK_CLOCK = -2,
PERF_COUNT_PAGE_FAULTS = -3,
PERF_COUNT_CONTEXT_SWITCHES = -4,
PERF_COUNT_CPU_MIGRATIONS = -5,
PERF_SW_EVENTS_MIN = -6,
};
/*
* IRQ-notification data record type:
*/
enum perf_counter_record_type {
PERF_RECORD_SIMPLE = 0,
PERF_RECORD_IRQ = 1,
PERF_RECORD_GROUP = 2,
};
/*
* Hardware event to monitor via a performance monitoring counter:
*/
struct perf_counter_hw_event {
__s64 type;
__u64 irq_period;
__u64 record_type;
__u64 read_format;
__u64 disabled : 1, /* off by default */
nmi : 1, /* NMI sampling */
raw : 1, /* raw event type */
inherit : 1, /* children inherit it */
pinned : 1, /* must always be on PMU */
exclusive : 1, /* only group on PMU */
exclude_user : 1, /* don't count user */
exclude_kernel : 1, /* ditto kernel */
exclude_hv : 1, /* ditto hypervisor */
exclude_idle : 1, /* don't count when idle */
__reserved_1 : 54;
__u32 extra_config_len;
__u32 __reserved_4;
__u64 __reserved_2;
__u64 __reserved_3;
};
/*
* Ioctls that can be done on a perf counter fd:
*/
#define PERF_COUNTER_IOC_ENABLE _IO('$', 0)
#define PERF_COUNTER_IOC_DISABLE _IO('$', 1)
asmlinkage int sys_perf_counter_open(
struct perf_counter_hw_event *hw_event_uptr __user,
pid_t pid,
int cpu,
int group_fd,
unsigned long flags)
{
int ret;
ret = syscall(
__NR_perf_counter_open, hw_event_uptr, pid, cpu, group_fd, flags);
#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)
if (ret < 0 && ret > -4096) {
errno = -ret;
ret = -1;
}
#endif
return ret;
}
static char *hw_event_names [] = {
"CPU cycles",
"instructions",
"cache references",
"cache misses",
"branches",
"branch misses",
"bus cycles",
};
static char *sw_event_names [] = {
"cpu clock ticks",
"task clock ticks",
"pagefaults",
"context switches",
"CPU migrations",
};
struct event_symbol {
int event;
char *symbol;
};
static struct event_symbol event_symbols [] = {
{PERF_COUNT_CPU_CYCLES, "cpu-cycles", },
{PERF_COUNT_CPU_CYCLES, "cycles", },
{PERF_COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS, "instructions", },
{PERF_COUNT_CACHE_REFERENCES, "cache-references", },
{PERF_COUNT_CACHE_MISSES, "cache-misses", },
{PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS, "branch-instructions", },
{PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS, "branches", },
{PERF_COUNT_BRANCH_MISSES, "branch-misses", },
{PERF_COUNT_BUS_CYCLES, "bus-cycles", },
{PERF_COUNT_CPU_CLOCK, "cpu-ticks", },
{PERF_COUNT_CPU_CLOCK, "ticks", },
{PERF_COUNT_TASK_CLOCK, "task-ticks", },
{PERF_COUNT_PAGE_FAULTS, "page-faults", },
{PERF_COUNT_PAGE_FAULTS, "faults", },
{PERF_COUNT_CONTEXT_SWITCHES, "context-switches", },
{PERF_COUNT_CONTEXT_SWITCHES, "cs", },
{PERF_COUNT_CPU_MIGRATIONS, "cpu-migrations", },
{PERF_COUNT_CPU_MIGRATIONS, "migrations", },
};
#define MAX_COUNTERS 64
#define MAX_NR_CPUS 256
static int nr_counters = 0;
static int nr_cpus = 0;
static int event_id[MAX_COUNTERS] =
{ -2, -5, -4, -3, 0, 1, 2, 3};
static int event_raw[MAX_COUNTERS];
static int system_wide = 0;
static void display_help(void)
{
unsigned int i;
int e;
printf(
"Usage: perfstat [<events...>] <cmd...>\n\n"
"PerfStat Options (up to %d event types can be specified):\n\n",
MAX_COUNTERS);
printf(
" -e EVENT --event=EVENT # symbolic-name abbreviations");
for (i = 0, e = PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX; i < ARRAY_SIZE(event_symbols); i++) {
if (e != event_symbols[i].event) {
e = event_symbols[i].event;
printf(
"\n %2d: %-20s", e, event_symbols[i].symbol);
} else
printf(" %s", event_symbols[i].symbol);
}
printf("\n"
" rNNN: raw event type\n\n"
" -s # system-wide collection\n\n"
" -c <cmd..> --command=<cmd..> # command+arguments to be timed.\n"
"\n");
exit(0);
}
static int type_valid(int type)
{
if (type >= PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX)
return 0;
if (type <= PERF_SW_EVENTS_MIN)
return 0;
return 1;
}
static char *event_name(int ctr)
{
int type = event_id[ctr];
static char buf[32];
if (event_raw[ctr]) {
sprintf(buf, "raw 0x%x", type);
return buf;
}
if (!type_valid(type))
return "unknown";
if (type >= 0)
return hw_event_names[type];
return sw_event_names[-type-1];
}
/*
* Each event can have multiple symbolic names.
* Symbolic names are (almost) exactly matched.
*/
static int match_event_symbols(char *str)
{
unsigned int i;
if (isdigit(str[0]) || str[0] == '-')
return atoi(str);
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(event_symbols); i++) {
if (!strncmp(str, event_symbols[i].symbol,
strlen(event_symbols[i].symbol)))
return event_symbols[i].event;
}
return PERF_HW_EVENTS_MAX;
}
static void parse_events(char *str)
{
int type, raw;
again:
nr_counters++;
if (nr_counters == MAX_COUNTERS)
display_help();
raw = 0;
if (*str == 'r') {
raw = 1;
++str;
type = strtol(str, NULL, 16);
} else {
type = match_event_symbols(str);
if (!type_valid(type))
display_help();
}
event_id[nr_counters] = type;
event_raw[nr_counters] = raw;
str = strstr(str, ",");
if (str) {
str++;
goto again;
}
}
static void process_options(int argc, char *argv[])
{
for (;;) {
int option_index = 0;
/** Options for getopt */
static struct option long_options[] = {
{"event", required_argument, NULL, 'e'},
{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
{"command", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};
int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+:e:c:s",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1)
break;
switch (c) {
case 'c':
break;
case 's':
system_wide = 1;
break;
case 'e':
parse_events(optarg);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
if (optind == argc)
goto err;
if (!nr_counters)
nr_counters = 8;
else
nr_counters++;
return;
err:
display_help();
}
char fault_here[1000000];
#define PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_DISABLE 31
#define PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_ENABLE 32
static int fd[MAX_NR_CPUS][MAX_COUNTERS];
static void create_counter(int counter)
{
struct perf_counter_hw_event hw_event;
memset(&hw_event, 0, sizeof(hw_event));
hw_event.type = event_id[counter];
hw_event.raw = event_raw[counter];
hw_event.record_type = PERF_RECORD_SIMPLE;
hw_event.nmi = 0;
if (system_wide) {
int cpu;
for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu ++) {
fd[cpu][counter] = sys_perf_counter_open(&hw_event, -1, cpu, -1, 0);
if (fd[cpu][counter] < 0) {
printf("perfstat error: syscall returned with %d (%s)\n",
fd[cpu][counter], strerror(errno));
exit(-1);
}
}
} else {
hw_event.inherit = 1;
hw_event.disabled = 1;
fd[0][counter] = sys_perf_counter_open(&hw_event, 0, -1, -1, 0);
if (fd[0][counter] < 0) {
printf("perfstat error: syscall returned with %d (%s)\n",
fd[0][counter], strerror(errno));
exit(-1);
}
}
}
#define rdclock() \
({ \
struct timespec ts; \
\
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts); \
ts.tv_sec * 1000000000ULL + ts.tv_nsec; \
})
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
unsigned long long t0, t1;
int counter;
ssize_t res;
int status;
int pid;
process_options(argc, argv);
if (system_wide) {
nr_cpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
assert(nr_cpus <= MAX_NR_CPUS);
assert(nr_cpus >= 0);
} else
nr_cpus = 1;
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++)
create_counter(counter);
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
/*
* Enable counters and exec the command:
*/
t0 = rdclock();
prctl(PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_ENABLE);
if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
perror("failed to fork");
if (!pid) {
if (execvp(argv[0], argv)) {
perror(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
}
while (wait(&status) >= 0)
;
prctl(PR_TASK_PERF_COUNTERS_DISABLE);
t1 = rdclock();
fflush(stdout);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, " Performance counter stats for \'%s\':\n",
argv[0]);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++) {
int cpu;
__u64 count, single_count;
count = 0;
for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu ++) {
res = read(fd[cpu][counter],
(char *) &single_count, sizeof(single_count));
assert(res == sizeof(single_count));
count += single_count;
}
if (!event_raw[counter] &&
(event_id[counter] == PERF_COUNT_CPU_CLOCK ||
event_id[counter] == PERF_COUNT_TASK_CLOCK)) {
double msecs = (double)count / 1000000;
fprintf(stderr, " %14.6f %-20s (msecs)\n",
msecs, event_name(counter));
} else {
fprintf(stderr, " %14Ld %-20s (events)\n",
count, event_name(counter));
}
if (!counter)
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, " Wall-clock time elapsed: %12.6f msecs\n",
(double)(t1-t0)/1e6);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
return 0;
}