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powerpc: Refactor device tree binding

Browse source 
Split device tree binding out of booting-without-of.txt and put them
into their own files per binding.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This commit is contained in:
Kumar Gala 2009-06-19 08:31:05 -05:00
parent cb1ffb6204
commit b053dc5a72
9 changed files with 1142 additions and 1166 deletions
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1168
Documentation/powerpc/booting-without-of.txt
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4xx/Axon EMAC ethernet nodes
The EMAC ethernet controller in IBM and AMCC 4xx chips, and also
the Axon bridge. To operate this needs to interact with a ths
special McMAL DMA controller, and sometimes an RGMII or ZMII
interface. In addition to the nodes and properties described
below, the node for the OPB bus on which the EMAC sits must have a
correct clock-frequency property.
i) The EMAC node itself
Required properties:
- device_type : "network"
- compatible : compatible list, contains 2 entries, first is
"ibm,emac-CHIP" where CHIP is the host ASIC (440gx,
405gp, Axon) and second is either "ibm,emac" or
"ibm,emac4". For Axon, thus, we have: "ibm,emac-axon",
"ibm,emac4"
- interrupts : <interrupt mapping for EMAC IRQ and WOL IRQ>
- interrupt-parent : optional, if needed for interrupt mapping
- reg : <registers mapping>
- local-mac-address : 6 bytes, MAC address
- mal-device : phandle of the associated McMAL node
- mal-tx-channel : 1 cell, index of the tx channel on McMAL associated
with this EMAC
- mal-rx-channel : 1 cell, index of the rx channel on McMAL associated
with this EMAC
- cell-index : 1 cell, hardware index of the EMAC cell on a given
ASIC (typically 0x0 and 0x1 for EMAC0 and EMAC1 on
each Axon chip)
- max-frame-size : 1 cell, maximum frame size supported in bytes
- rx-fifo-size : 1 cell, Rx fifo size in bytes for 10 and 100 Mb/sec
operations.
For Axon, 2048
- tx-fifo-size : 1 cell, Tx fifo size in bytes for 10 and 100 Mb/sec
operations.
For Axon, 2048.
- fifo-entry-size : 1 cell, size of a fifo entry (used to calculate
thresholds).
For Axon, 0x00000010
- mal-burst-size : 1 cell, MAL burst size (used to calculate thresholds)
in bytes.
For Axon, 0x00000100 (I think ...)
- phy-mode : string, mode of operations of the PHY interface.
Supported values are: "mii", "rmii", "smii", "rgmii",
"tbi", "gmii", rtbi", "sgmii".
For Axon on CAB, it is "rgmii"
- mdio-device : 1 cell, required iff using shared MDIO registers
(440EP). phandle of the EMAC to use to drive the
MDIO lines for the PHY used by this EMAC.
- zmii-device : 1 cell, required iff connected to a ZMII. phandle of
the ZMII device node
- zmii-channel : 1 cell, required iff connected to a ZMII. Which ZMII
channel or 0xffffffff if ZMII is only used for MDIO.
- rgmii-device : 1 cell, required iff connected to an RGMII. phandle
of the RGMII device node.
For Axon: phandle of plb5/plb4/opb/rgmii
- rgmii-channel : 1 cell, required iff connected to an RGMII. Which
RGMII channel is used by this EMAC.
Fox Axon: present, whatever value is appropriate for each
EMAC, that is the content of the current (bogus) "phy-port"
property.
Optional properties:
- phy-address : 1 cell, optional, MDIO address of the PHY. If absent,
a search is performed.
- phy-map : 1 cell, optional, bitmap of addresses to probe the PHY
for, used if phy-address is absent. bit 0x00000001 is
MDIO address 0.
For Axon it can be absent, though my current driver
doesn't handle phy-address yet so for now, keep
0x00ffffff in it.
- rx-fifo-size-gige : 1 cell, Rx fifo size in bytes for 1000 Mb/sec
operations (if absent the value is the same as
rx-fifo-size). For Axon, either absent or 2048.
- tx-fifo-size-gige : 1 cell, Tx fifo size in bytes for 1000 Mb/sec
operations (if absent the value is the same as
tx-fifo-size). For Axon, either absent or 2048.
- tah-device : 1 cell, optional. If connected to a TAH engine for
offload, phandle of the TAH device node.
- tah-channel : 1 cell, optional. If appropriate, channel used on the
TAH engine.
Example:
EMAC0: ethernet@40000800 {
device_type = "network";
compatible = "ibm,emac-440gp", "ibm,emac";
interrupt-parent = <&UIC1>;
interrupts = <1c 4 1d 4>;
reg = <40000800 70>;
local-mac-address = [00 04 AC E3 1B 1E];
mal-device = <&MAL0>;
mal-tx-channel = <0 1>;
mal-rx-channel = <0>;
cell-index = <0>;
max-frame-size = <5dc>;
rx-fifo-size = <1000>;
tx-fifo-size = <800>;
phy-mode = "rmii";
phy-map = <00000001>;
zmii-device = <&ZMII0>;
zmii-channel = <0>;
};
ii) McMAL node
Required properties:
- device_type : "dma-controller"
- compatible : compatible list, containing 2 entries, first is
"ibm,mcmal-CHIP" where CHIP is the host ASIC (like
emac) and the second is either "ibm,mcmal" or
"ibm,mcmal2".
For Axon, "ibm,mcmal-axon","ibm,mcmal2"
- interrupts : <interrupt mapping for the MAL interrupts sources:
5 sources: tx_eob, rx_eob, serr, txde, rxde>.
For Axon: This is _different_ from the current
firmware. We use the "delayed" interrupts for txeob
and rxeob. Thus we end up with mapping those 5 MPIC
interrupts, all level positive sensitive: 10, 11, 32,
33, 34 (in decimal)
- dcr-reg : < DCR registers range >
- dcr-parent : if needed for dcr-reg
- num-tx-chans : 1 cell, number of Tx channels
- num-rx-chans : 1 cell, number of Rx channels
iii) ZMII node
Required properties:
- compatible : compatible list, containing 2 entries, first is
"ibm,zmii-CHIP" where CHIP is the host ASIC (like
EMAC) and the second is "ibm,zmii".
For Axon, there is no ZMII node.
- reg : <registers mapping>
iv) RGMII node
Required properties:
- compatible : compatible list, containing 2 entries, first is
"ibm,rgmii-CHIP" where CHIP is the host ASIC (like
EMAC) and the second is "ibm,rgmii".
For Axon, "ibm,rgmii-axon","ibm,rgmii"
- reg : <registers mapping>
- revision : as provided by the RGMII new version register if
available.
For Axon: 0x0000012a

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Specifying GPIO information for devices
============================================
1) gpios property
-----------------
Nodes that makes use of GPIOs should define them using `gpios' property,
format of which is: <&gpio-controller1-phandle gpio1-specifier
&gpio-controller2-phandle gpio2-specifier
0 /* holes are permitted, means no GPIO 3 */
&gpio-controller4-phandle gpio4-specifier
...>;
Note that gpio-specifier length is controller dependent.
gpio-specifier may encode: bank, pin position inside the bank,
whether pin is open-drain and whether pin is logically inverted.
Example of the node using GPIOs:
node {
gpios = <&qe_pio_e 18 0>;
};
In this example gpio-specifier is "18 0" and encodes GPIO pin number,
and empty GPIO flags as accepted by the "qe_pio_e" gpio-controller.
2) gpio-controller nodes
------------------------
Every GPIO controller node must have #gpio-cells property defined,
this information will be used to translate gpio-specifiers.
Example of two SOC GPIO banks defined as gpio-controller nodes:
qe_pio_a: gpio-controller@1400 {
#gpio-cells = <2>;
compatible = "fsl,qe-pario-bank-a", "fsl,qe-pario-bank";
reg = <0x1400 0x18>;
gpio-controller;
};
qe_pio_e: gpio-controller@1460 {
#gpio-cells = <2>;
compatible = "fsl,qe-pario-bank-e", "fsl,qe-pario-bank";
reg = <0x1460 0x18>;
gpio-controller;
};

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MDIO on GPIOs
Currently defined compatibles:
- virtual,gpio-mdio
MDC and MDIO lines connected to GPIO controllers are listed in the
gpios property as described in section VIII.1 in the following order:
MDC, MDIO.
Example:
mdio {
compatible = "virtual,mdio-gpio";
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
gpios = <&qe_pio_a 11
&qe_pio_c 6>;
};

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Marvell Discovery mv64[345]6x System Controller chips
===========================================================
The Marvell mv64[345]60 series of system controller chips contain
many of the peripherals needed to implement a complete computer
system. In this section, we define device tree nodes to describe
the system controller chip itself and each of the peripherals
which it contains. Compatible string values for each node are
prefixed with the string "marvell,", for Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
1) The /system-controller node
This node is used to represent the system-controller and must be
present when the system uses a system controller chip. The top-level
system-controller node contains information that is global to all
devices within the system controller chip. The node name begins
with "system-controller" followed by the unit address, which is
the base address of the memory-mapped register set for the system
controller chip.
Required properties:
- ranges : Describes the translation of system controller addresses
for memory mapped registers.
- clock-frequency: Contains the main clock frequency for the system
controller chip.
- reg : This property defines the address and size of the
memory-mapped registers contained within the system controller
chip. The address specified in the "reg" property should match
the unit address of the system-controller node.
- #address-cells : Address representation for system controller
devices. This field represents the number of cells needed to
represent the address of the memory-mapped registers of devices
within the system controller chip.
- #size-cells : Size representation for for the memory-mapped
registers within the system controller chip.
- #interrupt-cells : Defines the width of cells used to represent
interrupts.
Optional properties:
- model : The specific model of the system controller chip. Such
as, "mv64360", "mv64460", or "mv64560".
- compatible : A string identifying the compatibility identifiers
of the system controller chip.
The system-controller node contains child nodes for each system
controller device that the platform uses. Nodes should not be created
for devices which exist on the system controller chip but are not used
Example Marvell Discovery mv64360 system-controller node:
system-controller@f1000000 { /* Marvell Discovery mv64360 */
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
model = "mv64360"; /* Default */
compatible = "marvell,mv64360";
clock-frequency = <133333333>;
reg = <0xf1000000 0x10000>;
virtual-reg = <0xf1000000>;
ranges = <0x88000000 0x88000000 0x1000000 /* PCI 0 I/O Space */
0x80000000 0x80000000 0x8000000 /* PCI 0 MEM Space */
0xa0000000 0xa0000000 0x4000000 /* User FLASH */
0x00000000 0xf1000000 0x0010000 /* Bridge's regs */
0xf2000000 0xf2000000 0x0040000>;/* Integrated SRAM */
[ child node definitions... ]
}
2) Child nodes of /system-controller
a) Marvell Discovery MDIO bus
The MDIO is a bus to which the PHY devices are connected. For each
device that exists on this bus, a child node should be created. See
the definition of the PHY node below for an example of how to define
a PHY.
Required properties:
- #address-cells : Should be <1>
- #size-cells : Should be <0>
- device_type : Should be "mdio"
- compatible : Should be "marvell,mv64360-mdio"
Example:
mdio {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
device_type = "mdio";
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-mdio";
ethernet-phy@0 {
......
};
};
b) Marvell Discovery ethernet controller
The Discover ethernet controller is described with two levels
of nodes. The first level describes an ethernet silicon block
and the second level describes up to 3 ethernet nodes within
that block. The reason for the multiple levels is that the
registers for the node are interleaved within a single set
of registers. The "ethernet-block" level describes the
shared register set, and the "ethernet" nodes describe ethernet
port-specific properties.
Ethernet block node
Required properties:
- #address-cells : <1>
- #size-cells : <0>
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-eth-block"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this block
Example Discovery Ethernet block node:
ethernet-block@2000 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-eth-block";
reg = <0x2000 0x2000>;
ethernet@0 {
.......
};
};
Ethernet port node
Required properties:
- device_type : Should be "network".
- compatible : Should be "marvell,mv64360-eth".
- reg : Should be <0>, <1>, or <2>, according to which registers
within the silicon block the device uses.
- interrupts : <a> where a is the interrupt number for the port.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
- phy : the phandle for the PHY connected to this ethernet
controller.
- local-mac-address : 6 bytes, MAC address
Example Discovery Ethernet port node:
ethernet@0 {
device_type = "network";
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-eth";
reg = <0>;
interrupts = <32>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
phy = <&PHY0>;
local-mac-address = [ 00 00 00 00 00 00 ];
};
c) Marvell Discovery PHY nodes
Required properties:
- device_type : Should be "ethernet-phy"
- interrupts : <a> where a is the interrupt number for this phy.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller that
services interrupts for this device.
- reg : The ID number for the phy, usually a small integer
Example Discovery PHY node:
ethernet-phy@1 {
device_type = "ethernet-phy";
compatible = "broadcom,bcm5421";
interrupts = <76>; /* GPP 12 */
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
reg = <1>;
};
d) Marvell Discovery SDMA nodes
Represent DMA hardware associated with the MPSC (multiprotocol
serial controllers).
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-sdma"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupts : <a> where a is the interrupt number for the DMA
device.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery SDMA node:
sdma@4000 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-sdma";
reg = <0x4000 0xc18>;
virtual-reg = <0xf1004000>;
interrupts = <36>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};
e) Marvell Discovery BRG nodes
Represent baud rate generator hardware associated with the MPSC
(multiprotocol serial controllers).
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-brg"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- clock-src : A value from 0 to 15 which selects the clock
source for the baud rate generator. This value corresponds
to the CLKS value in the BRGx configuration register. See
the mv64x60 User's Manual.
- clock-frequence : The frequency (in Hz) of the baud rate
generator's input clock.
- current-speed : The current speed setting (presumably by
firmware) of the baud rate generator.
Example Discovery BRG node:
brg@b200 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-brg";
reg = <0xb200 0x8>;
clock-src = <8>;
clock-frequency = <133333333>;
current-speed = <9600>;
};
f) Marvell Discovery CUNIT nodes
Represent the Serial Communications Unit device hardware.
Required properties:
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
Example Discovery CUNIT node:
cunit@f200 {
reg = <0xf200 0x200>;
};
g) Marvell Discovery MPSCROUTING nodes
Represent the Discovery's MPSC routing hardware
Required properties:
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
Example Discovery CUNIT node:
mpscrouting@b500 {
reg = <0xb400 0xc>;
};
h) Marvell Discovery MPSCINTR nodes
Represent the Discovery's MPSC DMA interrupt hardware registers
(SDMA cause and mask registers).
Required properties:
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
Example Discovery MPSCINTR node:
mpsintr@b800 {
reg = <0xb800 0x100>;
};
i) Marvell Discovery MPSC nodes
Represent the Discovery's MPSC (Multiprotocol Serial Controller)
serial port.
Required properties:
- device_type : "serial"
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-mpsc"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- sdma : the phandle for the SDMA node used by this port
- brg : the phandle for the BRG node used by this port
- cunit : the phandle for the CUNIT node used by this port
- mpscrouting : the phandle for the MPSCROUTING node used by this port
- mpscintr : the phandle for the MPSCINTR node used by this port
- cell-index : the hardware index of this cell in the MPSC core
- max_idle : value needed for MPSC CHR3 (Maximum Frame Length)
register
- interrupts : <a> where a is the interrupt number for the MPSC.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery MPSCINTR node:
mpsc@8000 {
device_type = "serial";
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-mpsc";
reg = <0x8000 0x38>;
virtual-reg = <0xf1008000>;
sdma = <&SDMA0>;
brg = <&BRG0>;
cunit = <&CUNIT>;
mpscrouting = <&MPSCROUTING>;
mpscintr = <&MPSCINTR>;
cell-index = <0>;
max_idle = <40>;
interrupts = <40>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};
j) Marvell Discovery Watch Dog Timer nodes
Represent the Discovery's watchdog timer hardware
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-wdt"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
Example Discovery Watch Dog Timer node:
wdt@b410 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-wdt";
reg = <0xb410 0x8>;
};
k) Marvell Discovery I2C nodes
Represent the Discovery's I2C hardware
Required properties:
- device_type : "i2c"
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-i2c"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupts : <a> where a is the interrupt number for the I2C.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery I2C node:
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-i2c";
reg = <0xc000 0x20>;
virtual-reg = <0xf100c000>;
interrupts = <37>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};
l) Marvell Discovery PIC (Programmable Interrupt Controller) nodes
Represent the Discovery's PIC hardware
Required properties:
- #interrupt-cells : <1>
- #address-cells : <0>
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-pic"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupt-controller
Example Discovery PIC node:
pic {
#interrupt-cells = <1>;
#address-cells = <0>;
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-pic";
reg = <0x0 0x88>;
interrupt-controller;
};
m) Marvell Discovery MPP (Multipurpose Pins) multiplexing nodes
Represent the Discovery's MPP hardware
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-mpp"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
Example Discovery MPP node:
mpp@f000 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-mpp";
reg = <0xf000 0x10>;
};
n) Marvell Discovery GPP (General Purpose Pins) nodes
Represent the Discovery's GPP hardware
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-gpp"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
Example Discovery GPP node:
gpp@f000 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-gpp";
reg = <0xf100 0x20>;
};
o) Marvell Discovery PCI host bridge node
Represents the Discovery's PCI host bridge device. The properties
for this node conform to Rev 2.1 of the PCI Bus Binding to IEEE
1275-1994. A typical value for the compatible property is
"marvell,mv64360-pci".
Example Discovery PCI host bridge node
pci@80000000 {
#address-cells = <3>;
#size-cells = <2>;
#interrupt-cells = <1>;
device_type = "pci";
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-pci";
reg = <0xcf8 0x8>;
ranges = <0x01000000 0x0 0x0
0x88000000 0x0 0x01000000
0x02000000 0x0 0x80000000
0x80000000 0x0 0x08000000>;
bus-range = <0 255>;
clock-frequency = <66000000>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
interrupt-map-mask = <0xf800 0x0 0x0 0x7>;
interrupt-map = <
/* IDSEL 0x0a */
0x5000 0 0 1 &PIC 80
0x5000 0 0 2 &PIC 81
0x5000 0 0 3 &PIC 91
0x5000 0 0 4 &PIC 93
/* IDSEL 0x0b */
0x5800 0 0 1 &PIC 91
0x5800 0 0 2 &PIC 93
0x5800 0 0 3 &PIC 80
0x5800 0 0 4 &PIC 81
/* IDSEL 0x0c */
0x6000 0 0 1 &PIC 91
0x6000 0 0 2 &PIC 93
0x6000 0 0 3 &PIC 80
0x6000 0 0 4 &PIC 81
/* IDSEL 0x0d */
0x6800 0 0 1 &PIC 93
0x6800 0 0 2 &PIC 80
0x6800 0 0 3 &PIC 81
0x6800 0 0 4 &PIC 91
>;
};
p) Marvell Discovery CPU Error nodes
Represent the Discovery's CPU error handler device.
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-cpu-error"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupts : the interrupt number for this device
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery CPU Error node:
cpu-error@0070 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-cpu-error";
reg = <0x70 0x10 0x128 0x28>;
interrupts = <3>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};
q) Marvell Discovery SRAM Controller nodes
Represent the Discovery's SRAM controller device.
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-sram-ctrl"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupts : the interrupt number for this device
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery SRAM Controller node:
sram-ctrl@0380 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-sram-ctrl";
reg = <0x380 0x80>;
interrupts = <13>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};
r) Marvell Discovery PCI Error Handler nodes
Represent the Discovery's PCI error handler device.
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-pci-error"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupts : the interrupt number for this device
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery PCI Error Handler node:
pci-error@1d40 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-pci-error";
reg = <0x1d40 0x40 0xc28 0x4>;
interrupts = <12>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};
s) Marvell Discovery Memory Controller nodes
Represent the Discovery's memory controller device.
Required properties:
- compatible : "marvell,mv64360-mem-ctrl"
- reg : Offset and length of the register set for this device
- interrupts : the interrupt number for this device
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller
that services interrupts for this device.
Example Discovery Memory Controller node:
mem-ctrl@1400 {
compatible = "marvell,mv64360-mem-ctrl";
reg = <0x1400 0x60>;
interrupts = <17>;
interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
};

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PHY nodes
Required properties:
- device_type : Should be "ethernet-phy"
- interrupts : <a b> where a is the interrupt number and b is a
field that represents an encoding of the sense and level
information for the interrupt. This should be encoded based on
the information in section 2) depending on the type of interrupt
controller you have.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller that
services interrupts for this device.
- reg : The ID number for the phy, usually a small integer
- linux,phandle : phandle for this node; likely referenced by an
ethernet controller node.
Example:
ethernet-phy@0 {
linux,phandle = <2452000>
interrupt-parent = <40000>;
interrupts = <35 1>;
reg = <0>;
device_type = "ethernet-phy";
};

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SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) busses
SPI busses can be described with a node for the SPI master device
and a set of child nodes for each SPI slave on the bus. For this
discussion, it is assumed that the system's SPI controller is in
SPI master mode. This binding does not describe SPI controllers
in slave mode.
The SPI master node requires the following properties:
- #address-cells - number of cells required to define a chip select
address on the SPI bus.
- #size-cells - should be zero.
- compatible - name of SPI bus controller following generic names
recommended practice.
No other properties are required in the SPI bus node. It is assumed
that a driver for an SPI bus device will understand that it is an SPI bus.
However, the binding does not attempt to define the specific method for
assigning chip select numbers. Since SPI chip select configuration is
flexible and non-standardized, it is left out of this binding with the
assumption that board specific platform code will be used to manage
chip selects. Individual drivers can define additional properties to
support describing the chip select layout.
SPI slave nodes must be children of the SPI master node and can
contain the following properties.
- reg - (required) chip select address of device.
- compatible - (required) name of SPI device following generic names
recommended practice
- spi-max-frequency - (required) Maximum SPI clocking speed of device in Hz
- spi-cpol - (optional) Empty property indicating device requires
inverse clock polarity (CPOL) mode
- spi-cpha - (optional) Empty property indicating device requires
shifted clock phase (CPHA) mode
- spi-cs-high - (optional) Empty property indicating device requires
chip select active high
SPI example for an MPC5200 SPI bus:
spi@f00 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
compatible = "fsl,mpc5200b-spi","fsl,mpc5200-spi";
reg = <0xf00 0x20>;
interrupts = <2 13 0 2 14 0>;
interrupt-parent = <&mpc5200_pic>;
ethernet-switch@0 {
compatible = "micrel,ks8995m";
spi-max-frequency = <1000000>;
reg = <0>;
};
codec@1 {
compatible = "ti,tlv320aic26";
spi-max-frequency = <100000>;
reg = <1>;
};
};

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USB EHCI controllers
Required properties:
- compatible : should be "usb-ehci".
- reg : should contain at least address and length of the standard EHCI
register set for the device. Optional platform-dependent registers
(debug-port or other) can be also specified here, but only after
definition of standard EHCI registers.
- interrupts : one EHCI interrupt should be described here.
If device registers are implemented in big endian mode, the device
node should have "big-endian-regs" property.
If controller implementation operates with big endian descriptors,
"big-endian-desc" property should be specified.
If both big endian registers and descriptors are used by the controller
implementation, "big-endian" property can be specified instead of having
both "big-endian-regs" and "big-endian-desc".
Example (Sequoia 440EPx):
ehci@e0000300 {
compatible = "ibm,usb-ehci-440epx", "usb-ehci";
interrupt-parent = <&UIC0>;
interrupts = <1a 4>;
reg = <0 e0000300 90 0 e0000390 70>;
big-endian;
};

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d) Xilinx IP cores
The Xilinx EDK toolchain ships with a set of IP cores (devices) for use
in Xilinx Spartan and Virtex FPGAs. The devices cover the whole range
of standard device types (network, serial, etc.) and miscellaneous
devices (gpio, LCD, spi, etc). Also, since these devices are
implemented within the fpga fabric every instance of the device can be
synthesised with different options that change the behaviour.
Each IP-core has a set of parameters which the FPGA designer can use to
control how the core is synthesized. Historically, the EDK tool would
extract the device parameters relevant to device drivers and copy them
into an 'xparameters.h' in the form of #define symbols. This tells the
device drivers how the IP cores are configured, but it requres the kernel
to be recompiled every time the FPGA bitstream is resynthesized.
The new approach is to export the parameters into the device tree and
generate a new device tree each time the FPGA bitstream changes. The
parameters which used to be exported as #defines will now become
properties of the device node. In general, device nodes for IP-cores
will take the following form:
(name): (generic-name)@(base-address) {
compatible = "xlnx,(ip-core-name)-(HW_VER)"
[, (list of compatible devices), ...];
reg = <(baseaddr) (size)>;
interrupt-parent = <&interrupt-controller-phandle>;
interrupts = < ... >;
xlnx,(parameter1) = "(string-value)";
xlnx,(parameter2) = <(int-value)>;
};
(generic-name): an open firmware-style name that describes the
generic class of device. Preferably, this is one word, such
as 'serial' or 'ethernet'.
(ip-core-name): the name of the ip block (given after the BEGIN
directive in system.mhs). Should be in lowercase
and all underscores '_' converted to dashes '-'.
(name): is derived from the "PARAMETER INSTANCE" value.
(parameter#): C_* parameters from system.mhs. The C_ prefix is
dropped from the parameter name, the name is converted
to lowercase and all underscore '_' characters are
converted to dashes '-'.
(baseaddr): the baseaddr parameter value (often named C_BASEADDR).
(HW_VER): from the HW_VER parameter.
(size): the address range size (often C_HIGHADDR - C_BASEADDR + 1).
Typically, the compatible list will include the exact IP core version
followed by an older IP core version which implements the same
interface or any other device with the same interface.
'reg', 'interrupt-parent' and 'interrupts' are all optional properties.
For example, the following block from system.mhs:
BEGIN opb_uartlite
PARAMETER INSTANCE = opb_uartlite_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.00.b
PARAMETER C_BAUDRATE = 115200
PARAMETER C_DATA_BITS = 8
PARAMETER C_ODD_PARITY = 0
PARAMETER C_USE_PARITY = 0
PARAMETER C_CLK_FREQ = 50000000
PARAMETER C_BASEADDR = 0xEC100000
PARAMETER C_HIGHADDR = 0xEC10FFFF
BUS_INTERFACE SOPB = opb_7
PORT OPB_Clk = CLK_50MHz
PORT Interrupt = opb_uartlite_0_Interrupt
PORT RX = opb_uartlite_0_RX
PORT TX = opb_uartlite_0_TX
PORT OPB_Rst = sys_bus_reset_0
END
becomes the following device tree node:
opb_uartlite_0: serial@ec100000 {
device_type = "serial";
compatible = "xlnx,opb-uartlite-1.00.b";
reg = <ec100000 10000>;
interrupt-parent = <&opb_intc_0>;
interrupts = <1 0>; // got this from the opb_intc parameters
current-speed = <d#115200>; // standard serial device prop
clock-frequency = <d#50000000>; // standard serial device prop
xlnx,data-bits = <8>;
xlnx,odd-parity = <0>;
xlnx,use-parity = <0>;
};
Some IP cores actually implement 2 or more logical devices. In
this case, the device should still describe the whole IP core with
a single node and add a child node for each logical device. The
ranges property can be used to translate from parent IP-core to the
registers of each device. In addition, the parent node should be
compatible with the bus type 'xlnx,compound', and should contain
#address-cells and #size-cells, as with any other bus. (Note: this
makes the assumption that both logical devices have the same bus
binding. If this is not true, then separate nodes should be used
for each logical device). The 'cell-index' property can be used to
enumerate logical devices within an IP core. For example, the
following is the system.mhs entry for the dual ps2 controller found
on the ml403 reference design.
BEGIN opb_ps2_dual_ref
PARAMETER INSTANCE = opb_ps2_dual_ref_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.00.a
PARAMETER C_BASEADDR = 0xA9000000
PARAMETER C_HIGHADDR = 0xA9001FFF
BUS_INTERFACE SOPB = opb_v20_0
PORT Sys_Intr1 = ps2_1_intr
PORT Sys_Intr2 = ps2_2_intr
PORT Clkin1 = ps2_clk_rx_1
PORT Clkin2 = ps2_clk_rx_2
PORT Clkpd1 = ps2_clk_tx_1
PORT Clkpd2 = ps2_clk_tx_2
PORT Rx1 = ps2_d_rx_1
PORT Rx2 = ps2_d_rx_2
PORT Txpd1 = ps2_d_tx_1
PORT Txpd2 = ps2_d_tx_2
END
It would result in the following device tree nodes:
opb_ps2_dual_ref_0: opb-ps2-dual-ref@a9000000 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
compatible = "xlnx,compound";
ranges = <0 a9000000 2000>;
// If this device had extra parameters, then they would
// go here.
ps2@0 {
compatible = "xlnx,opb-ps2-dual-ref-1.00.a";
reg = <0 40>;
interrupt-parent = <&opb_intc_0>;
interrupts = <3 0>;
cell-index = <0>;
};
ps2@1000 {
compatible = "xlnx,opb-ps2-dual-ref-1.00.a";
reg = <1000 40>;
interrupt-parent = <&opb_intc_0>;
interrupts = <3 0>;
cell-index = <0>;
};
};
Also, the system.mhs file defines bus attachments from the processor
to the devices. The device tree structure should reflect the bus
attachments. Again an example; this system.mhs fragment:
BEGIN ppc405_virtex4
PARAMETER INSTANCE = ppc405_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.01.a
BUS_INTERFACE DPLB = plb_v34_0
BUS_INTERFACE IPLB = plb_v34_0
END
BEGIN opb_intc
PARAMETER INSTANCE = opb_intc_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.00.c
PARAMETER C_BASEADDR = 0xD1000FC0
PARAMETER C_HIGHADDR = 0xD1000FDF
BUS_INTERFACE SOPB = opb_v20_0
END
BEGIN opb_uart16550
PARAMETER INSTANCE = opb_uart16550_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.00.d
PARAMETER C_BASEADDR = 0xa0000000
PARAMETER C_HIGHADDR = 0xa0001FFF
BUS_INTERFACE SOPB = opb_v20_0
END
BEGIN plb_v34
PARAMETER INSTANCE = plb_v34_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.02.a
END
BEGIN plb_bram_if_cntlr
PARAMETER INSTANCE = plb_bram_if_cntlr_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.00.b
PARAMETER C_BASEADDR = 0xFFFF0000
PARAMETER C_HIGHADDR = 0xFFFFFFFF
BUS_INTERFACE SPLB = plb_v34_0
END
BEGIN plb2opb_bridge
PARAMETER INSTANCE = plb2opb_bridge_0
PARAMETER HW_VER = 1.01.a
PARAMETER C_RNG0_BASEADDR = 0x20000000
PARAMETER C_RNG0_HIGHADDR = 0x3FFFFFFF
PARAMETER C_RNG1_BASEADDR = 0x60000000
PARAMETER C_RNG1_HIGHADDR = 0x7FFFFFFF
PARAMETER C_RNG2_BASEADDR = 0x80000000
PARAMETER C_RNG2_HIGHADDR = 0xBFFFFFFF
PARAMETER C_RNG3_BASEADDR = 0xC0000000
PARAMETER C_RNG3_HIGHADDR = 0xDFFFFFFF
BUS_INTERFACE SPLB = plb_v34_0
BUS_INTERFACE MOPB = opb_v20_0
END
Gives this device tree (some properties removed for clarity):
plb@0 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
compatible = "xlnx,plb-v34-1.02.a";
device_type = "ibm,plb";
ranges; // 1:1 translation
plb_bram_if_cntrl_0: bram@ffff0000 {
reg = <ffff0000 10000>;
}
opb@20000000 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
ranges = <20000000 20000000 20000000
60000000 60000000 20000000
80000000 80000000 40000000
c0000000 c0000000 20000000>;
opb_uart16550_0: serial@a0000000 {
reg = <a00000000 2000>;
};
opb_intc_0: interrupt-controller@d1000fc0 {
reg = <d1000fc0 20>;
};
};
};
That covers the general approach to binding xilinx IP cores into the
device tree. The following are bindings for specific devices:
i) Xilinx ML300 Framebuffer
Simple framebuffer device from the ML300 reference design (also on the
ML403 reference design as well as others).
Optional properties:
- resolution = <xres yres> : pixel resolution of framebuffer. Some
implementations use a different resolution.
Default is <d#640 d#480>
- virt-resolution = <xvirt yvirt> : Size of framebuffer in memory.
Default is <d#1024 d#480>.
- rotate-display (empty) : rotate display 180 degrees.
ii) Xilinx SystemACE
The Xilinx SystemACE device is used to program FPGAs from an FPGA
bitstream stored on a CF card. It can also be used as a generic CF
interface device.
Optional properties:
- 8-bit (empty) : Set this property for SystemACE in 8 bit mode
iii) Xilinx EMAC and Xilinx TEMAC
Xilinx Ethernet devices. In addition to general xilinx properties
listed above, nodes for these devices should include a phy-handle
property, and may include other common network device properties
like local-mac-address.
iv) Xilinx Uartlite
Xilinx uartlite devices are simple fixed speed serial ports.
Required properties:
- current-speed : Baud rate of uartlite
v) Xilinx hwicap
Xilinx hwicap devices provide access to the configuration logic
of the FPGA through the Internal Configuration Access Port
(ICAP). The ICAP enables partial reconfiguration of the FPGA,
readback of the configuration information, and some control over
'warm boots' of the FPGA fabric.
Required properties:
- xlnx,family : The family of the FPGA, necessary since the
capabilities of the underlying ICAP hardware
differ between different families. May be
'virtex2p', 'virtex4', or 'virtex5'.
vi) Xilinx Uart 16550
Xilinx UART 16550 devices are very similar to the NS16550 but with
different register spacing and an offset from the base address.
Required properties:
- clock-frequency : Frequency of the clock input
- reg-offset : A value of 3 is required
- reg-shift : A value of 2 is required